What are the major functions of water in the body?

Water is essential if the other nutrients are to function properly within the human body; it is the solvent for life. It has a number of diverse functions that may be summarized as follow:


1. Water provides the essential building material for cell protoplasm, the fundamental component of all living matter.

2. Because water cannot be compressed, it serves to protect key body tissues such as spinal cord and brain.

3.Water is essential in the control of the osmotic pressure in the body, or the maintenance of a proper balance between water and the electrolytes. Any major changes in the electrolyte concentration may adversely affect cellular function. A serious departure from normal osmotic pressure cannot be tolerated by the body for long.

4. Water is the main constituent of blood, the major transportation mechanism in the body for conveying oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other compounds to the cells for their use and for carrying waste products of metabolism away from the cells to organs such as the lungs and kidneys for exretion from the body.

5. Water is essential for the proper functioning of our senses. Hearing waves are transmitted by fluid in the inner eye. Fluid in the eye is involved in the reflection of light for proper vision. For the taste and smelling sense to function the foods and odors need to be dissolved in water.

6. Of primary importance to the active individual is the role that water plays in the regulation of the temperature. Water is the major constituent of sweat and through evaporation from the surface of the skin, it can help dissipate excess body heat. Of all nutrients, water is the most important to the physically active person and is one of several that may have beneficial effects on performance when used supplemental amounts before or during exercise.



Credits for>>> Williams. M.H (2010) Nutrition for Health, Fitness and Sport. Ninth Edition. McGraw-Hill International Edition, New York

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